Any real number r∈(0,1) can be represented in decimal form as r=0.d1d2d3…, where d1∈{0,1,2,…,9} and d2∈{0,1,2,…,9}.
The function is defined as:
f(r)={1,0,if d2∈{2,3,6,7}otherwise For each fixed first digit d1∈{0,1,…,9}:
f(r)=1 when r∈[0.d12,0.d14) or r∈[0.d16,0.d18)
f(r)=0 when r∈[0.d10,0.d12), r∈[0.d14,0.d16), or r∈[0.d18,0.(d1+1)0)
At the boundary points where d2 changes between the subsets {2,3}, {6,7} and the rest, the left-hand limit and right-hand limit of f(r) differ (one limit is 0 and the other is 1), making f discontinuous.
For each d1∈{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}, the boundary transition points are:
Each of these points lies strictly within the interval (0,1).
Since there are 10 possible choices for d1 and 4 points of discontinuity for each choice, the total number of points in (0,1) at which f is discontinuous is:
10×4=40