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Databases · Relational Model and SQL
Official IIT answer key · IIT Kharagpur · Audited Aug 2026
GATE CSE 2014 Set 2 Q54 · MCQ · 2 marks
select * from R where a in (select S.a from S)Key concept
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Topic notes
GATE tests the relational model across three interrelated formalisms: Relational Algebra (RA), Relational Calculus (TRC/DRC), and SQL. Questions evaluate core semantic equivalences, translation between declarative calculi and algebraic operators, table instance tracing (such as joins, group-by aggregations, and division), and corner cases like SQL three-valued logic, duplicate preservation, and safe TRC expressions.
Full Relational Model and SQL guide →SQL allows duplicate tuples in relations, and correspondingly defines the multiplicity of tuples in the result of joins. Which one of the following queries always gives the same answer as the nested query shown below: select * from R where a in (select S.a from S)
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