Let R be the set of all binary relations on the set {1,2,3}. Suppose a relation is chosen from R at random. The probability that the chosen relation is reflexive (round off to 3 decimal places) is …
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GATE CSE 2020 · Q17
Time
Your answerNumerical answer
Solution
Official answer: 0.125 (±0)
Discrete MathematicsLet . The number of elements in is .
The total number of pairs in is .
The total number of binary relations on is:
For a relation to be reflexive, it must contain all diagonal pairs . The remaining non-diagonal pairs can either be present or absent independently.
Thus, the number of reflexive relations is:
The probability of choosing a reflexive relation at random is:
Rounded to 3 decimal places, the answer is 0.125.
Try the question first, then check your work.
Examiner trap
A relation is reflexive if all self-loops are included. The choice remains only for the remaining pairs.
This Discrete Mathematics previous year question is Q17 of the GATE CSE 2020 paper. Find more GATE CSE PYQs on Discrete Mathematics in Engineering Mathematics, or browse all GATE CSE PYQs.
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Discrete Mathematics has 50 GATE CSE PYQs across 23 papers from 2011 to 2026. 10 of them are 1-mark NAT questions like this one, and GATE CSE 2020 has 2.
How GATE tests Discrete MathematicsIndependent practice explanation verified by the GateAI team. GATE is conducted by the IITs; question text follows the official paper.