Operating Systems · Memory Management and Virtual Memory
Official IIT answer key · IIT Kanpur · Audited Aug 2026
GATE CSE 2023 Q58 · NAT · 2 marks
Key concept
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Topic notes
Memory management and virtual memory is a high-yield, computation-heavy topic in GATE CS, frequently carrying 2-mark NAT and MCQ/MSQ questions. The exam heavily emphasizes multi-level page table sizing, hierarchical bit-splitting, page replacement algorithm simulation (FIFO, LRU, OPTIMAL, MRU, LIFO), and Effective Memory Access Time (EMAT) calculations involving TLBs and disk transfers. Recent years have introduced variants such as bounded lookahead optimal replacement, code-based loop/array access patterns, and TLB reach sizing.
Full Memory Management and Virtual Memory guide →Consider a computer system with 57-bit virtual addressing using multi-level tree-structured page tables with L levels for virtual to physical address translation. The page size is 4 KB (1 KB = 1024 B) and a page table entry at any of the levels occupies 8 bytes. The value of L is …
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