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Integrity Constraints and Normal Forms

GATE CSE 2013 · Q55

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Statement for Linked Answer Questions 54 and 55

Relation RR has eight attributes ABCDEFGHABCDEFGH. Fields of RR contain only atomic values. F={CH→G,A→BC,B→CFH,E→A,F→EG}F=\{CH\rightarrow G, A\rightarrow BC, B\rightarrow CFH, E\rightarrow A, F\rightarrow EG\} is a set of functional dependencies (FDs) so that F+F^+ is exactly the set of FDs that hold for RR. The relation RR is

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Official answer: A) in 1NF, but not in 2NF.

Integrity Constraints and Normal Forms
  1. Candidate Keys: From Q.54, the candidate keys are AD,BD,ED,FDAD, BD, ED, FD.

  2. Prime and Non-Prime Attributes:

    • Prime attributes (attributes belonging to any candidate key): {A,B,D,E,F}\{A, B, D, E, F\}.

    • Non-prime attributes: {C,G,H}\{C, G, H\}.

  3. 1NF Check:

    • The fields of RR contain only atomic values, so RR is in 1NF.

  4. 2NF Check:

    • A relation is in 2NF if no non-prime attribute is partially dependent on any candidate key.

    • Consider the FD A→BCA \rightarrow BC: AA is a proper subset of the candidate key ADAD, and CC is a non-prime attribute. Thus, A→CA \rightarrow C represents a partial dependency.

    • Similarly, in B→CFHB \rightarrow CFH, BB is a proper subset of BDBD, and C,HC, H are non-prime attributes.

    • Since partial dependencies exist, the relation is not in 2NF.

Therefore, the relation RR is in 1NF, but not in 2NF.

Hence, the correct option is (A).

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This Integrity Constraints and Normal Forms previous year question is Q55 of the GATE CSE 2013 paper. Find more GATE CSE PYQs on Integrity Constraints and Normal Forms in Databases, or browse all GATE CSE PYQs.

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Integrity Constraints and Normal Forms in GATE CSE

Integrity Constraints and Normal Forms has 30 GATE CSE PYQs across 20 papers from 2011 to 2026. 7 of them are 2-mark MCQs like this one, and GATE CSE 2013 has 2.

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GateAI solution cardGATE CSE 2013 · Q55 · MCQ

Statement for Linked Answer Questions 54 and 55: Relation R has eight attributes ABCDEFGH. Fields of R contain only atomic values. F={CH→ G, A→ BC, B→ CFH, E→ A, F→ EG} is a set of functional dependencies (FDs) so that F+ is exactly the set of FDs that hold for R. The relation R is

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