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Probability and Statistics

GATE CSE 2025 Set 1 · Q56

NAT2 marksEasy

Time

Suppose a 5-bit message is transmitted from a source to a destination through a noisy channel. The probability that a bit of the message gets flipped during transmission is 0.010.01. Flipping of each bit is independent of one another. The probability that the message is delivered error-free to the destination is ______ . (rounded off to three decimal places)

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Solution

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Official answer: 0.951 (±0.002) (±0.002)

Probability and Statistics

Let pp be the probability that a single bit gets flipped (corrupted) during transmission:

p=0.01p = 0.01

The probability that a single bit is received correctly (without being flipped) is:

q=1−p=1−0.01=0.99q = 1 - p = 1 - 0.01 = 0.99

Since the transmission of each bit is independent, the probability that all 55 bits in the message are transmitted without any error is:

P(error-free)=q5=(0.99)5P(\text{error-free}) = q^5 = (0.99)^5

Evaluating (0.99)5(0.99)^5:

(0.99)5=0.9509900499≈0.951(0.99)^5 = 0.9509900499 \approx 0.951

Rounding off to three decimal places gives 0.951 (accepted range: 0.949 to 0.952).

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This Probability and Statistics previous year question is Q56 of the GATE CSE 2025 Set 1 paper. Find more GATE CSE PYQs on Probability and Statistics in Engineering Mathematics, or browse all GATE CSE PYQs.

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Probability and Statistics has 46 GATE CSE PYQs across 23 papers from 2011 to 2026. 15 of them are 2-mark NAT questions like this one, and GATE CSE 2025 Set 1 has 3.

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GateAI solution cardGATE CSE 2025 Set 1 · Q56 · NAT

Suppose a 5-bit message is transmitted from a source to a destination through a noisy channel. The probability that a bit of the message gets flipped during transmission is 0.01. Flipping of each bit is independent of one another. The probability that the message is delivered error-free to the destination is … (rounded off to three decimal places)

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