Let X∼Uniform(0,1) be the random variable representing the division point in the interval (0,1).
The two disjoint subintervals created are (0,X) and (X,1).
The point 0.4 belongs to:
(X,1) with length 1−X, if X≤0.4.
(0,X) with length X, if X>0.4.
Let L be the length of the subinterval containing 0.4:
L(X)={1−X,X,0<X≤0.40.4<X<1 Since X has a probability density function fX(x)=1 for x∈(0,1), the expected value E[L] is:
E[L]=∫00.4(1−x)dx+∫0.41xdx Evaluating the integrals:
∫00.4(1−x)dx=[x−2x2]00.4=0.4−20.16=0.4−0.08=0.32 ∫0.41xdx=[2x2]0.41=21−20.16=0.5−0.08=0.42 Summing the two parts:
E[L]=0.32+0.42=0.74 Thus, the expected length rounded off to two decimal places is 0.74 (acceptable range: 0.70 to 0.80).