Let us trace the insertions into the binary search tree (BST):
Insert 10: Root of the tree.
Insert -4: Since −4<10, it becomes the left child of 10.
Insert 15: Since 15>10, it becomes the right child of 10.
Insert 30: 30>10⟹ right of 10; 30>15⟹ right child of 15.
Insert 20: 20>10⟹ right of 10; 20>15⟹ right of 15; 20<30⟹ left child of 30.
Insert 5: 5<10⟹ left of 10; 5>−4⟹ right child of -4.
Insert 60: 60>10⟹60>15⟹60>30⟹ right child of 30.
Insert 19: 19>10⟹19>15⟹19<30⟹19<20⟹ left child of 20.
The path from the root node (10) to the node containing 19 is:
10→15→30→20→19 The edges on this path are:
Therefore, the number of edges is 4.